"
简体中文
English
繁體中文
日本語

法律英语中常见的叠词("legal doublets" 或 "binomial expressions"))

在法律英语中,常见的叠词(也称为 "legal doublets" "binomial expressions")是通过重复使用同义或近义词构成的固定搭配。这种表达方式源于法律语言对严谨性和历史传统的重视,目的是避免歧义或漏洞。以下是常见的例子:

---

 1. 表示权利义务

- Null and void(无效的) 

  - 例:The contract is declared null and void.

- Aid and abet(教唆与协助犯罪)

- Bind and obligate 约束与义务 

- Cease and desist(停止并终止) 

  - 例:A cease and desist order was issued.

---

 2. 表示财产与所有权

- Give, devise, and bequeath(遗赠财产) 

  - 例:The testator gives, devises, and bequeaths his estate to...

- Rest, residue, and remainder(剩余财产) 

  - 例:The rest, residue, and remainder of the estate shall go to...

---

 3. 表示协议与条款

- Terms and conditions(条款与条件) 

  - 例:The terms and conditions of the agreement are binding.

- Covenants and agreements(契约与协议) 

- Force and effect(法律效力) 

  - 例:This clause shall have full force and effect.

---

 4. 表示责任与义务

- Fit and proper(适当的) 

  - 例:A fit and proper person to hold the office.

- Will and testament(遗嘱) 

  - 例:The last will and testament of the deceased.

- Due and payable(到期应付的) 

  - 例:The debt is now due and payable.

---

 5. 其他常见叠词

- Part and parcel(重要组成部分) 

  - 例:This clause is part and parcel of the contract.

- Save and except(除…之外) 

- Final and conclusive(终局性的) 

  - 例:The decision is final and conclusive.

- Alteration or amendment(修改或修订) 

---

叠词的功能与目的

  1. 避免歧义
    通过叠加近义词确保法律文本的全面性,例如 "null and void" 比单独使用 "void" 更强调彻底无效。
  2. 历史沿袭
    部分叠词源于中古英语或拉丁语的双重表达(如法语与拉丁语词汇的混合使用)。
  3. 法律确定性
    确保涵盖所有可能的法律情形,例如 "goods and chattels"(动产)覆盖有形和无形财产。

 

其他形式的三词组合(Triplets

  1. Give, devise, and bequeath
    (遗赠财产,遗嘱用语)
  2. Name, constitute, and appoint
    (任命与授权)
  3. Signed, sealed, and delivered
    (签署、盖章并交付,合同生效要件)
2025年2月3日 23:06